Do 1.8 plugins work in the 1.12?
do 1.12 plugins also work in the 1.8?
Of course not
That depends on the plugin, but usually it should work without problems. Partly even much older plugins work.
There are plugins that continue to work on the 1.12. WorldEdit, Essentials & WorldGuard are e.g. Plugins, where you need the "correct" version.
Normally not
Arrives at the plugin. If it uses methods that no longer exist in 1.12, there will be problems.
But. Normally very well. I have already brought some older plugins on a 1.12 server. As long as e.g. No sounds / effects are used it usually works
That depends on the plugin. A look at the developer side would not be wrong