What do these Minecraft commands mean?

What do the following commands mean

These are not "orders", but conditions. For the selector. With this you can e.g. Get to kill only spiders within a certain radius.

/ kill @e [type = spider, r = 10]

And what do all these things mean?

Look here:

https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/340106/testfor-values/340231#340231

And the rest:

scores is for scoreboard scores

type is for entity types (i.e. What kind of mob)

tag is for tags

name is for names.

Thank you!

Please ^^

Very well explained 👍