When I start minecraft a German machine reads everything to me, if I press esc, for example, it says "game menu". How do I issue it? This is not the case in other games and if I make all the sounds in the settings in minecraft, I can still hear them!
Ctrl + B
Or under Escape → Options / Options → Chat Settings / Chat Settings → Narrator / Speech output.
You can set that in minecraft. I don't know the keyboard shortcuts out of my head, but you can also go to Settings and click on Narrator. As far as I can remember.
You have to identify the narrator / narrator in the settings.
You can find it somewhere in the audio settings.
Chat settings