The last time I sat down in front of the PC and what I could play was forever… (work etc). However, I recently became aware of Minecraft again because I heard two boys talking about it. I've looked it up and wanted to ask somebody if I can explain the version difference, or what is new, was deleted or changed from 1.7.10 to 1.12.2.
1.7.10 came out in 2014, currently is 1.13
List all differences / innovations here would be probably too much.
The combat system has been changed from the ground up, weapons now have a short cooldown before they can be used again with full strength.
Technically, a lot has changed with Redstone. With 1:13 the water mechanics were changed.
Over time, of course, many new blocks and items have been added. But as I said all enumerate would be just too much.
If you want more information, we recommend the wiki https://minecraft-de.gamepedia.com/.../Versionen