So,
Have started Minecraft again for a long time, but it is unplayable because I have an extreme mouse acceleration in Minecraft.
Under Windows, mouse acceleration is disabled.
I have the Razer Deathadder already tried without drivers to play and even with newly installed driver does not work, have also tried all polling rates, does not work
Did you change the mouse speed under the control?
And if that's not the cause then try uninstalling Minecraft and deleting .minecraft folders. Since you have to note that everything is deleted from Minecraft on your computer, so also stop the settings.
The folder can be found under: Windows key + R and then enter below% appdata%