I have installed an Intel Core i5 2500 in the PC and it runs on Windows 10. I don't have a graphics card. I've already checked Minecraft and have an average of 10-15 FPS there. All settings have already been set low. However, I see that my CPU is only being used 50%. I know it's not good to use it to 100% but how can I increase it to ~ 80% for 15-20 FPS?
Don't have a graphics card? Do you have an integrated graphics chip or what do you mean?
I recommend you to install the Fabric Modloader and then Sodium here is a tutorial:
that gives a real fps boost (better than Optifine)
There are a few more fps with Optifine
And much more with sodium.
Which version are you playing with?
Minecraft actually supports multicore usage by now.
Try to use Optifine, LabyMod or LunarClient. Preferably on 1.8.9 or 1.16.5.
But your hardware is also old, at some point you need new hardware.
By the way, it's not that bad if your CPU is 100% busy.
Edit:
Sodium is supposed to be good too, but doesn't work on servers (hardly did anything for me).
No graphics card is shown to me… So I suspect a built-in one
It is not good to use the CPU 100%? Okay interesting. 100% load is perfectly fine and also normal for gaming. Only memory, i.e. RAM and hard disk, should not run at 100%. Then something is wrong.
Anyway with a 10 year old CPU you just can't expect more. It is certainly running at its limit and even if you now make the effort to disassemble everything, clean it and provide it with a new WLP. In the end, you may have 5fps more. Buy yourself a decent PC with GraKa and not a 10 year old office PC.
The fact that the CPU runs at 50% is certainly due to the fact that Minecraft can't handle multicore. Do right click and then change graphic to logical processors. Then 2 cores will run at almost 100% and the other two will chill with 10-30%
That you only achieve so little FPS is not surprising with the setup. My recommendation: build in a graphics card (even if you don't want that) or work with a mod (Optifine etc.).
And then he should use sodium as a transition
But sodium also works on servers (it shouldn't work on the server) and I said he should use sodium